Sort the Matrix

by · June 10, 2020

“Sort the matrix” is a standard interview problem which has been asked in many technical and algorithmic interview. Here, we are given a matrix of size N*N. Our task is to write a program to sort the given matrix such that all the elements of all rows are sorted and all the elements of all the columns are sorted.

Example:

INPUT:
N = 3
5  1  8
2  7  9
3  6  4
OUTPUT:
1  2  3
4  5  6
7  8  9

The steps required to sort the matrix are as follows:

  1. Create an array of size N^2. 
  2. Copy all the elements of the matrix to the array.
  3. Sort the array.
  4. Copy all the elements of the array to the matrix.

C++ Program to sort the matrix is as follows:

/* Program to sort the matrix */
#include<bits/stdc++.h>  
using namespace std;  
int main()
{  
    int N;  
    // Scan Dimensions of the matrix  
    cout<<"Enter the dimension of the matrix:\n";  
    cin>>N;  
      
    int matrix[N][N];  
    int temp[N*N];  
      
    // Scan Matrix Elements  
    cout<<"Enter the elements of the matrix:\n";  
    for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; i++)  
    for(int j = 0 ; j < N ; j++)  
    cin>>matrix[i][j];  
      
    // Copy all the matrix elements to the array  
    int k = 0;  
    for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)   
    for (int j = 0; j < N; ++j)   
    temp[k++] = matrix[i][j];  
      
    //Sort the matrix (in-built function)  
    sort(temp,temp+(N*N));  
      
    // Copy all the array elements back to matrix  
    k = 0;  
    for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)   
    for (int j = 0; j < N; ++j)   
    matrix[i][j] = temp[k++];  
  
    //Print Sorted matrix  
    cout<<"The Sorted Matrix is:\n";  
    for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; i++)  
    {  
        for(int j = 0 ; j < N ; j++)  
        {  
            cout<<matrix[i][j]<<" ";  
        }  
        cout<<endl;  
    }  
}  


OUTPUT:
Enter the dimension of the matrix: 3
Enter the elements of the matrix:
1 3 5
2 4 6
 7 8 9
The Sorted Matrix is:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

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